In 1860ies and 1870ies, after Riga city walls were torn down, development of the boulevards for the city center begun. One of the most prestigious parcels on the Alexander Boulevard (today – Brīvības Boulevard) between Lielā Parka Street (today – Merķeļa Street) and Troņmantinieka Boulevard (today – Raiņa Boulevard) belonged to the Transehe-Roseneck’s – a famous Baltic German noble family The three-storey family house was built here in 1875 by the project of Heinrich Karl Scheel. The second and third floors of the house were divided into spacious apartments. In 1912, a fourth floor was added to the Neo-Renaissance style building. Already in 1910 the house was bought by the Riga Homeowner Savings and Loans Association and became its office, but also leaving some apartments in the house.
After the outbreak of the Latvian War of Independence on December 1918, the house became the founding place and headquarters of the Separate Student Company – one of the first military units of the Latvian government. On December 20, 1933 a plaque dedicated to the Separate Student Company was unveiled at the entrance of the building. The plaque was taken down during the Soviet occupation, but in 2003 it was reopened in its original place.
During 1920ies and 1930ies the house was used by various organizations as well as restaurants, cafes and stores.
After the Soviet occupation of 1940, the house was nationalized and used by the University of Latvia. From 1946 until 2009 the house was the facility for the History and Philosophy Faculty of the University of Latvia.
Since May 2014 the National History Museum of Latvia has its permanent exposition and exhibitions in this historical building.